These enslaved Africans were taken on the Portuguese slave ship São João Bautista from Luanda, Angola, capital of the Portuguese settlements in Angola. The Africans on the White Lion were probably among the thousands who had been captured in 1618-1619 by a slave-raiding force primarily consisting of African raiders, under nominal Portuguese leadership, who were at war with the Kingdom of Ndongo. Enslaved Africans were also part of the Spanish expedition to Florida in 1539 with Hernando de Soto and the 1565 founding of St. The first enslaved African in North America was Estevanico, a Moor who participated in the Spanish Narváez expedition in 1527. They escaped and are thought to have joined Native Americans if they survived. In 1526 personnel in the expedition of Spanish explorer, Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón that landed on the South Carolina coast included enslaved Africans. Though the African captives were sold as indentured servants, the event is regarded as the start of slavery of Africans in colonial North America. The ship brought the first Africans to the English colony of Virginia in 1619, a year before the arrival of the Mayflower in New England.
This was an English privateer operating under a Dutch letter of marque during the middle passage. *The White Lion slave ship is affirmed on this date in 1604.
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